GandG.cloud - Recent changes [en]

User:WillianBerube3

WillianBerube3 — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 22:26:19 GMT

User account WillianBerube3 was created

Testing Methodologies

Mwood — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 13:33:11 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 26 June 2026
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
	All botanical ingredients are analysed in a laboratory, either in-house or by an independent third party, to check that the active ingredients are at the correct levels, per the published specification.		All botanical ingredients are analysed in a laboratory, either in-house or by an independent third party, to check that the active ingredients are at the correct levels, per the published specification.
			----
			There are various methodologies for analytical testing, as far as we are concerned there are three main ones:

	~~There are various methodologies for analytical testing~~, ~~as far as we are concerned there are three main ones~~.		==1. Spectroscopy (Light & Radiation Interactivity)==
			These methods measure how matter absorbs, emits, or scatters electromagnetic radiation to decode molecular structures.

	~~1. Spectroscopy (Light & Radiation Interactivity)~~		*FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared): Identifies organic polymers and functional groups by measuring molecular vibrations.
	~~These methods measure how matter absorbs, emits, or scatters electromagnetic radiation to decode molecular structures.~~		*UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible): Quantifies light absorption to find concentrations of coloured compounds in a solution.
	FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared): Identifies organic polymers and functional groups by measuring molecular vibrations.		*NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance): Maps the carbon-hydrogen framework of complex organic molecules.
	UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible): Quantifies light absorption to find concentrations of coloured compounds in a solution.		*Raman Spectroscopy: Provides a structural fingerprint through non-destructive laser light scattering.
	NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance): Maps the carbon-hydrogen framework of complex organic molecules.
	Raman Spectroscopy: Provides a structural fingerprint through non-destructive laser light scattering.

	2. Chromatography (Separation Techniques)		==2. Chromatography (Separation Techniques)==
	Chromatography forces a liquid or gas sample through a stationary phase to separate individual components based on their physical properties.		Chromatography forces a liquid or gas sample through a stationary phase to separate individual components based on their physical properties.
	~~HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chemistry): Separates non-volatile liquids, widely used in pharmaceuticals.~~
	~~GC (Gas Chromatography): Separates volatile gas mixtures, critical for environmental testing.~~
	~~TLC (Thin-Layer Chromatography): A fast, low-cost screening method used to track chemical reaction progress.~~

	3. Mass Spectrometry (MS)		*HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chemistry): Separates non-volatile liquids, widely used in pharmaceuticals.
			*GC (Gas Chromatography): Separates volatile gas mixtures, critical for environmental testing.
			* TLC (Thin-Layer Chromatography): A fast, low-cost screening method used to track chemical reaction progress.

			==3. Mass Spectrometry (MS)==
	MS ionizes chemical species and sorts them based on their mass-to-charge ratio, offering unparalleled sensitivity for unknown identification.		MS ionizes chemical species and sorts them based on their mass-to-charge ratio, offering unparalleled sensitivity for unknown identification.
	GC-MS / LC-MS: Couples separation power with mass identification to isolate and name trace contaminants.
	ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma): Detects ultra-trace metals down to parts-per-trillion (ppt) levels.		*GC-MS / LC-MS: Couples separation power with mass identification to isolate and name trace contaminants.
			*ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma): Detects ultra-trace metals down to parts-per-trillion (ppt) levels.

	Mass Spectrometry coupled with Chromatography (LC-MS or GC-MS) is the most accurate method for identifying and quantifying active ingredients in botanical extracts. Plant extracts are highly complex chemical "matrices" containing hundreds of distinct phytochemicals that must be separated before they can be accurately measured.		Mass Spectrometry coupled with Chromatography (LC-MS or GC-MS) is the most accurate method for identifying and quantifying active ingredients in botanical extracts. Plant extracts are highly complex chemical "matrices" containing hundreds of distinct phytochemicals that must be separated before they can be accurately measured.


			==Accuracy==
	We often see test results from UV and HPLC tests which are widely different. This is because stand-alone UV testing (UV-Vis Spectrophotometry) routinely overestimates active ingredients compared to HPLC because UV testing lacks the ability to separate a sample before measuring it.		We often see test results from UV and HPLC tests which are widely different. This is because stand-alone UV testing (UV-Vis Spectrophotometry) routinely overestimates active ingredients compared to HPLC because UV testing lacks the ability to separate a sample before measuring it.
	When a raw botanical extract is placed in a UV spectrophotometer, the machine reads the total light absorbed at a specific wavelength. It cannot distinguish between your target active ingredient and dozens of other identical-looking plant molecules.		When a raw botanical extract is placed in a UV spectrophotometer, the machine reads the total light absorbed at a specific wavelength. It cannot distinguish between your target active ingredient and dozens of other identical-looking plant molecules.
	The primary reasons for these drastically different results include:		The primary reasons for these drastically different results include:
	1. Total Absorbance vs. Separated Absorbance		==1. Total Absorbance vs. Separated Absorbance==
	UV-Vis Testing: The sample is placed directly into a glass cuvette. If you are testing for Saffron at 440 nm, the machine counts everything in that liquid that absorbs light at 440 nm. This includes degraded actives, plant pigments, and irrelevant cellular debris.		UV-Vis Testing: The sample is placed directly into a glass cuvette. If you are testing for Saffron at 440 nm, the machine counts everything in that liquid that absorbs light at 440 nm. This includes degraded actives, plant pigments, and irrelevant cellular debris.
	HPLC Testing: The sample is forced through a chemical column that slows down different molecules at different rates. Your active ingredient is physically separated into its own pure "peak" before it ever hits a detector. HPLC measures only that isolated compound.		HPLC Testing: The sample is forced through a chemical column that slows down different molecules at different rates. Your active ingredient is physically separated into its own pure "peak" before it ever hits a detector. HPLC measures only that isolated compound.
	2. The Overestimation Effect (False Positives)		== 2. The Overestimation Effect (False Positives)==
	Because UV testing tallies up all background chemical "noise," UV test results are frequently 20% to 200% higher than HPLC results for the exact same batch. Dishonest ingredient suppliers often prefer UV-Vis testing because it artificially inflates the apparent potency of an extract on a Certificate of Analysis (CoA).		Because UV testing tallies up all background chemical "noise," UV test results are frequently 20% to 200% higher than HPLC results for the exact same batch. Dishonest ingredient suppliers often prefer UV-Vis testing because it artificially inflates the apparent potency of an extract on a Certificate of Analysis (CoA).
	3. Shared Chromophores		==3. Shared Chromophores==
	Molecules absorb ultraviolet light using chemical structures called chromophores (such as alternating double bonds). In a complex botanical extract, many entirely different plant sugars, tannins, or flavonoids share almost identical chromophores. A standalone UV meter sees them all as the exact same substance		Molecules absorb ultraviolet light using chemical structures called chromophores (such as alternating double bonds). In a complex botanical extract, many entirely different plant sugars, tannins, or flavonoids share almost identical chromophores. A standalone UV meter sees them all as the exact same substance

Testing Methodologies

Mwood — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 13:21:40 GMT

Created page with "All botanical ingredients are analysed in a laboratory, either in-house or by an independent third party, to check that the active ingredients are at the correct levels, per the published specification. There are various methodologies for analytical testing, as far as we are concerned there are three main ones. 1. Spectroscopy (Light & Radiation Interactivity) These methods measure how matter absorbs, emits, or scatters electromagnetic radiation to decode molecular str..."

New page

All botanical ingredients are analysed in a laboratory, either in-house or by an independent third party, to check that the active ingredients are at the correct levels, per the published specification.

There are various methodologies for analytical testing, as far as we are concerned there are three main ones.

1. Spectroscopy (Light & Radiation Interactivity)
These methods measure how matter absorbs, emits, or scatters electromagnetic radiation to decode molecular structures.
FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared): Identifies organic polymers and functional groups by measuring molecular vibrations.
UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible): Quantifies light absorption to find concentrations of coloured compounds in a solution.
NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance): Maps the carbon-hydrogen framework of complex organic molecules.
Raman Spectroscopy: Provides a structural fingerprint through non-destructive laser light scattering.

2. Chromatography (Separation Techniques)
Chromatography forces a liquid or gas sample through a stationary phase to separate individual components based on their physical properties.
HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chemistry): Separates non-volatile liquids, widely used in pharmaceuticals.
GC (Gas Chromatography): Separates volatile gas mixtures, critical for environmental testing.
TLC (Thin-Layer Chromatography): A fast, low-cost screening method used to track chemical reaction progress.

3. Mass Spectrometry (MS)
MS ionizes chemical species and sorts them based on their mass-to-charge ratio, offering unparalleled sensitivity for unknown identification.
GC-MS / LC-MS: Couples separation power with mass identification to isolate and name trace contaminants.
ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma): Detects ultra-trace metals down to parts-per-trillion (ppt) levels.

Mass Spectrometry coupled with Chromatography (LC-MS or GC-MS) is the most accurate method for identifying and quantifying active ingredients in botanical extracts. Plant extracts are highly complex chemical "matrices" containing hundreds of distinct phytochemicals that must be separated before they can be accurately measured.

We often see test results from UV and HPLC tests which are widely different. This is because stand-alone UV testing (UV-Vis Spectrophotometry) routinely overestimates active ingredients compared to HPLC because UV testing lacks the ability to separate a sample before measuring it.
When a raw botanical extract is placed in a UV spectrophotometer, the machine reads the total light absorbed at a specific wavelength. It cannot distinguish between your target active ingredient and dozens of other identical-looking plant molecules.
The primary reasons for these drastically different results include:
1. Total Absorbance vs. Separated Absorbance
UV-Vis Testing: The sample is placed directly into a glass cuvette. If you are testing for Saffron at 440 nm, the machine counts everything in that liquid that absorbs light at 440 nm. This includes degraded actives, plant pigments, and irrelevant cellular debris.
HPLC Testing: The sample is forced through a chemical column that slows down different molecules at different rates. Your active ingredient is physically separated into its own pure "peak" before it ever hits a detector. HPLC measures only that isolated compound.
2. The Overestimation Effect (False Positives)
Because UV testing tallies up all background chemical "noise," UV test results are frequently 20% to 200% higher than HPLC results for the exact same batch. Dishonest ingredient suppliers often prefer UV-Vis testing because it artificially inflates the apparent potency of an extract on a Certificate of Analysis (CoA).
3. Shared Chromophores
Molecules absorb ultraviolet light using chemical structures called chromophores (such as alternating double bonds). In a complex botanical extract, many entirely different plant sugars, tannins, or flavonoids share almost identical chromophores. A standalone UV meter sees them all as the exact same substance

User:VeroniqueWhitty

VeroniqueWhitty — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 18:38:12 GMT

User account VeroniqueWhitty was created

Guduchi

Mwood — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:23:22 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:23, 25 June 2026
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 2:		Line 2:

	Lehvoss are offering a powdered form of a water-extracted product called Tinofend®, which they claim is compliant with UK/EU regulations. We will allow customers to supply it for encapsulation, but they must sign a waiver.		Lehvoss are offering a powdered form of a water-extracted product called Tinofend®, which they claim is compliant with UK/EU regulations. We will allow customers to supply it for encapsulation, but they must sign a waiver.
			[[Media:Novel_Food_Assessment_of_Tinofend_Combined.pdf]]

	[[Category:Ingredients]]		[[Category:Ingredients]]
	[[Category:Novel Food]]		[[Category:Novel Food]]

File:Novel Food Assessment of Tinofend Combined.pdf

Mwood — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:19:57 GMT

Mwood uploaded File:Novel Food Assessment of Tinofend Combined.pdf

New page

Guduchi

Mwood — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:18:20 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:18, 25 June 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Guduchi ''"Tinospora cordifolia"'' (aka gurjo, heart-leaved moonseed, giloy) only has a history of food use as a tea (aqueous infusion) in the EU so any other use would be[[Novel Food \| Novel]]. It's only really used in [[Ayurvedic]] and [[Traditional Herbal Remedy (THR) \| traditional herbal medicine]].		Guduchi ''"Tinospora cordifolia"'' (aka gurjo, heart-leaved moonseed, giloy) only has a history of food use as a tea (aqueous infusion) in the EU so any other use would be[[Novel Food \| Novel]]. It's only really used in [[Ayurvedic]] and [[Traditional Herbal Remedy (THR) \| traditional herbal medicine]].

			Lehvoss are offering a powdered form of a water-extracted product called Tinofend®, which they claim is compliant with UK/EU regulations. We will allow customers to supply it for encapsulation, but they must sign a waiver.


	[[Category:Ingredients]]		[[Category:Ingredients]]
	[[Category:Novel Food]]		[[Category:Novel Food]]

User:SamanthaZouch

SamanthaZouch — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 03:23:32 GMT

User account SamanthaZouch was created

User:AnneFaunce45

AnneFaunce45 — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 05:21:50 GMT

User account AnneFaunce45 was created